Subjective Questions from Past Papers Solved
Question No: 31 ( M a r k s: 2 )
What are solicited and unsolicited sales letters?
There are two kinds of sales letters:
(i) Solicited letter (the organization is invited to respond to sales messages.)
(ii) Unsolicited letter (the organization sends out uninvited messages to sell a product or service)
Solicited
sales are the letters that you write in response to an inquiry. With
these letters, the organization has one central goal: to get responses
quickly to someone’s request for information, use the direct plan for
the solicited letter.
Unsolicited sales letter are those letters which you write to people who can be persuaded through these letters to buy your product or service. These letters demand superior writing Skills. Often you will work with a marketing department or even an ad agency; they will make recommendations about the mailing lists, the timing, the core theme, and the visual presentation of brochures and accompanying material. (Lesson no26)
Question No: 32 ( M a r k s: 2 )
What is ethnographic research?
Ethnographic research
Ethnographic
research is a special types of case study research. It is distinguished
from other types of case studies because it uses the theories and
methods of anthropology to study the culture of schools and classrooms (lesson no 44)
.Question No: 33 ( M a r k s: 2 )
What is a stress interview?
Perhaps the most unnerving types of interview is the stress interview. Stress
interviews help recruiters see how you handle yourself under pressure. See how well a
candidate handles stressful situations. During a stress interview, you might be asked
pointed
questions designed to irk or unsettle you. You might be subjected to
long periods of silence, criticisms of your appearance, deliberate
interruptions, abrupt or even hostile reactions by the interviewer(lesson no 36).
Question No: 34 ( M a r k s: 3 )
Which points should keep in mind about right attitude for successful collection?
Right attitude for successful collections
• Any emotional reaction on the part of the debtor may reduce the chances of recovery.
• Successful collection depends to on the following factors
• Understanding of Human Nature
• Knowledge of collection policies and laws
• Using persuasive / positive appeals effectively
i) Appeal to fairness & justice
ii) Appeal to pride
iii) Appeal to Goodwill
iv) Appeal to sympathy
Begin with assumption that most people will pay
• Give no impression that you doubt the honesty of the debtor
• Use a courteous, reasonable tone but become firmer
• And more demanding during the later stages of the series
• Remain with the law, don’t harass
• Show understanding and flexibility while writing delinquent accounts
• Send collection notices quickly and regularly
• Never imply in you messages that payment can be avoid or postponed.
• Retain goodwill throughout the series
• Present you evidence and stick to the facts
• Persuade the debtors of the benefit he will receive by paying
• State clearly the specific action the debtor must take
Question No: 35 ( M a r k s: 3 )
Write a note on thinking stage in a research.
Thinking about it
The "thinking about it stage"
is when you are finally faced with the reality of completing your
degree. Usually the early phases of a graduate program proceed in clear
and very structured ways. The beginning phases of a graduate program
proceed in much the same manner as an undergraduate degree program.
There are clear requirements and expectations, and the graduate student
moves along, step by step, getting ever closer to the completion of the
program. One day, however, the clear structure begins to diminish and
now you're approaching the thesis/dissertation stage. This is a new and
different time. These next steps are more and more defined by you and not your adviser, the program, or the department. lesson no 42)
Question No: 36 ( M a r k s: 3 )
What is proposal and it s purpose?
Lesson no 32
Proposal
Certain analytical reports are called proposals.
Purposes of Proposals
Numerous groups solicit proposals Governments are the foremost requesters. These requests
Appear
in newspapers trade publications. Request for Proposal (RFP) is
directed towards a company with specific expertise. Proposal topics are
varied such as:
• To sell property, machines, etc.
• To construct building bridges, highways
• To survey water area for possible oil fields.
Smaller Projects are also made town to individual and corporation
Improving engineering and just-in-time (JIT) performance within a company
Preparing managerial staff for work within or outside the country
Planning and basic research before developing any new project
Thus the proposal is similar to that of a recommendation justification report. Both aims to solve
Problem, alter a procedure, find answer to question, offer advice and training.
Question No: 37 ( M a r k s: 5 )
Evaluate the basic points of EQ in your interview.
What’s your EQ?
• Think clearly and stay focused on the task at hand while under pressure
• Admit to your own mistakes
• Meeting commitments and keep promises
• Hold yourself accountable for meeting your goals
• Seek new ideas for a variety of sources
• Handle multiple demands and changing priorities.
• Make sacrifices to meet an important organizational goal.
• Cut through red tape and bend outdated rules when necessary
• Seek fresh perspectives, even if that means trying something totally new
• Separate form an expectation of success rather than a fear of failure
• Try to learn how to improve your performance
• Set challenging goals and take calculated risks to reach them.
When
it comes down to it, every job has basic qualifications. Employers first
look for-two things: evidence that a candidate will fit in with the
organization and proof that the person can handle a specific job.(lesson no 36)
Question No: 38 ( M a r k s: 5 )
What is the format of a memorandum?(lesson no 27)
Format
Memorandum format will vary slightly according to the degree of formality required and the organization’s policy on matters like filing and authorization of memoranda by
their writer. Follow the conventions of ‘house style’ in your own
organization. A typical format, including all the required elements, is
illustrated below.
Writing Memorandums
There are usually three main parts to a memorandum:
1. The heading
2. The subject and date
3. The message
Question No: 39 ( M a r k s: 10 )
Write a letter refusing an adjustment in a computer set that was broken and guarantee
does not include defect in hardware?
(Lesson no 24)
Question No: 40 ( M a r k s: 10 )
Write
a circular letter to a specific number of people about the opening of a
new branch of College in Model Town K block and also write about the
facilities you are going to provide to the students in that area with a
well qualified and experienced staff of teachers
(lesson no27)
Question No: 31 ( M a r k s: 2 )
Extemporaneous style of presentation.
Lesson no 38 types of presentation
1. Extemporaneous
This method of delivery is very carefully planned and practiced. In it, the speaker, makes a
presentation
with the help of an outline, note cards, or visual aid. It is very
popular and effective method of delivering a speech. In this way the
speaker can glance at his notes, keep eye contact and speak in a
natural, conversational tone.
Question No: 32 ( M a r k s: 2 )
Which things are included in personal data while writing a resume?
Lesson no 34
G. Personal Data
1. Omit personal details that might be seen as negative or used to discriminate against you.
2. Leave personal interest off unless they are relevant to the position being sought.
3. List a reference only with permission to do so.
Or
Personal Data
Leave
personal interest off your resume-unless including them enhances the
employer’s understanding of why you would be the best candidate for the
job.
Experts also recommend excluding salary information, reasons for leaving jobs, names, of previous supervisors
Question No: 33 ( M a r k s: 2 )
What is an informal report?
Lesson no 29 callsificatin of reprts
Informal reports are usually short messages with natural, casual use of language. The
Internal memorandum generally can be described as an informal report.
Question No: 34 ( M a r k s: 3 )
What is the difference between CV and resume?
Question No: 35 ( M a r k s: 3 )
Countless aspects of business dealings can be written, but which are the most common causes for claims?
Question No: 36 ( M a r k s: 3 )
What are win- win strategies in negotiation?
Lesson no 41
.
Win-win strategies:
• both parties are satisfied with the settlement negotiated.
• aims to meet the needs of both parties,
• not to win position or gain victories at one party’s expense.
•
• result is hard to achieve.
• good verbal and nonverbal communication and careful listening all help to achieve it.
• succeeds only if both parties concentrate on problem solving strategies and on communicating well.
• bargaining on the interests of both parties.
• Each party is then more likely to be committed to the outcome.
• Even as you reach a win-win conclusion that suits both parties, circumstances can change. After
successfully negotiating a difficult or important issue, take the time to follow up to check that the
other party also considers that the result is win-win.
Question No: 37 ( M a r k s: 5 )
Write a note on chronological resume.
Lesson no 34 combinaton of resumes
The Combination Resume
A combination resume includes the best features of the chronological and functional approaches.
Nevertheless, it is not commonly used, and it has two major disadvantages:
(1) it tends to be longer, and
(2) it can be repetitious if you have to list your accomplishments and skills in both the functional section and the chronological job descriptions.
To obtain a position as a special events coordinator that will utilize my skills and experience
Skills and capabilities
• Plan and coordinate large-scale public events
• Develop community support for concerts, festivals, and the arts
• Manage publicity for major events
• Coordinate activities of diverse community groups
• Establish and maintain financial controls for public events
• Negotiate contracts with performers, carpenters, electricians, and suppliers.
Question No: 38 ( M a r k s: 5 )
What is E Q and its importance for a successful job?
What’s your EQ?
• Think clearly and stay focused on the task at hand while under pressure
• Admit to your own mistakes
• Meeting commitments and keep promises
• Hold yourself accountable for meeting your goals
• Seek new ideas for a variety of sources
• Handle multiple demands and changing priorities.
• Make sacrifices to meet an important organizational goal.
• Cut through red tape and bend outdated rules when necessary
• Seek fresh perspectives, even if that means trying something totally new
• Separate form an expectation of success rather than a fear of failure
• Try to learn how to improve your performance
• Set challenging goals and take calculated risks to reach them.
When
it comes down to it, every job has basic qualifications. Employers first
look for-two things: evidence that a candidate will fit in with the
organization and proof that the person can handle a specific job.
Current research shows that employees with certain personality traits tend to be more
Successful at their job. As a result, many employers today seek candidates with a high “emotional intelligence,” or EQ (emotional
quotient). People with a high EQ generally possess these desirable
attributes: self-awareness, good impulse control, persistence,
confidence, self-motivation, and empathy, as well as the ability to
persuade, articulate a mission, interpret the mood of a group, and
communicate with people in terms they understand.
Question No: 39 ( M a r k s: 10 )
Write
a report on the functioning of some second class hotels in your city to
the head of hotels management association of your province.
Question No: 40 ( M a r k s: 10 )
A software house is looking for a person having master’s degree in computer science
Along with four years experience, he should have proficiencies in data base, web
Designing,
networking and architecture in a trouble shooting environment, he
should also be competent in human resource management to fill a
challenging position in an
Organization, make a CV which will enable you to win the required job.
.
.
Question No: 33 ( M a r k s: 2 )
Write names of text part of a formal report.
Formal reports are carefully structured; they stress objectivity and organization, contain,
much detail, and are written in a style that tends to eliminate such elements as personal pronouns.
Question No: 34 ( M a r k s: 3 )
How do we write short quotations in a thesis paper?
Answer in lecture no 43 thesis writing and presetation
Question No: 35 ( M a r k s: 3 )
Write format of a functional resume.
Question No: 36 ( M a r k s: 3 )
Write a note on the tone of a memorandum.
Tone of Memorandums
In most companies and organization, memorandums are written in the first person, just as
business letters are. Informal writing style characterizes the memos. The tone of the memo is
influenced by the position held by the writer in relation to that held by the receiver. Also, the topic under consideration plays
an important part in determining tone. Obviously a person writing o a
company official to report the results of a financial audit will be more
formal than a person rating a co-worker about some routine matter.
An
important factor is the personality of the individual receiving the
memorandum. The resident, for example, may insist on informality,
whereas a peer might like a formal, impersonal tone. Therefore, the
effective business writer must evaluate the position of the reader, the
topic
under consideration, and the personality of the reader when setting the tone of the memo.
Question No: 37 ( M a r k s: 5 )
What is the difference between cover letter and resume?
Question No: 38 ( M a r k s: 5 )
Write a note on market report.
Market Report
Definition
A market report describes the condition of a commodity in the market on a certain date for a
specific period. It points out the business conditions in a market at a given time.
Market Report may be of a day, a week, a month, a year or even a number of years.
Daily Market Report shows the price of goods on a mentioned date. It also describes the closing
rates
of the previous day, the opening rates of that day, the highest and the
lowest rates and the demand and supply of the commodities on that
particular day.
Daily newspapers, television, radio and internet give this information. Consumers take more
Interest
in daily market report than traders. Weekly Market Report gives the
condition of the commodities for the past six days. It contains closing
rates of the last week, the opening rates of that week, the highest and
lowest rates and the closing rates of that week. This report also
determines the causes of variation in price and the expected price
movement in the coming week. Business communities show a keen interest
in such reports.
Monthly Market Report is an analysis of
business done during the whole month. These reports are prepared for
comparatively stable market and a permanent demand. This report
describes the closing rate of the commodities in the previous month, the
opening rate of the month, highest and lowest and closing rate of the
month. Newspapers, trade journals and monthly bulletins publish these
reports.
Question No: 39 ( M a r k s: 10 )
You
are working in a company which is dealing in foreign exchange. Your
company has seen recent exchange fluctuations and its impacts on
business. Your Managing Director has asked for your advice in the matter
and has requested for a brief report on the subject.
Write a report on this matter.
Question No: 40 ( M a r k s: 10 )
What is memorandum? What are the internal purposes of memorandum?
Purpose of Memo
When you wish to write to someone within your own company, you will send a memorandum.
Memos
are used to communicate with other employees, may be located – whether
in the same office, in the same building, or in a branch office many
miles away.
Because the interoffice memorandum form was developed to save time, the formality of an
inside addresses, salutation, and complimentary closing is omitted. Otherwise, however, office
memos and letters have a great deal in common.
Formality is Omitted
The memorandum or ‘memo’ is a very flexible form used within an
organization for communication at all levels and for many different reasons. It performs
internally the same function as a letter does in external communication by an organization, it is used for reports, briefings or instructions,
brief messages or ‘notes’ and any kind of internal communication that
is more easily or clearly conveyed in writing (rather than face-to-face
or on the
telephone).
Question No: 31 ( M a r k s: 2 )
What are points of effective buffer paragraph technique when we write bad-news letters?
Lesson no 24
5. Try to Leave the Reader in a Pleasant Frame of Mind
A friendly but concise closing is even more important when the adjustment is not granted.
Use the effective buffer paragraph technique when writing bad-news letters:
Step 1: Buffer
Step 2: Explanation
Step 3: Your no (stated or implied)
Step 4: a friendly close.
You may review the summary of the indirect approach to help you write effective bad-news
messages.
The writer of the following letter realizes that Mr. Hassan must be convinced of the
organization’s position and be kept as a customer (after all, he did buy an expensive item). Here’s the
answer to a request for repair or replacement for his automatic garage door opener.
Dear Mr. Hassan,
You are right to expect high-quality merchandise from The Automatic Door Company, We try
to give you the best for your money and to stand behind our products when they fail as a result of
defects in material and workmanship, as our warranty states.
We appreciate your sending the door opener to us for analysis. It appears that the opener has
gotten wet. Excess moisture over a period of time causes this defect.
Our service manager estimates that cleaning and repairing your door opener would cost Rs. 2500.
Since your door opener is several years old, you may want to consider buying a new one. We
have made many improvements
to our door openers since yours was manufactured, including a sealed circuit board that would
prevent the possibility of damage from moisture. A new door opener, which costs Rs. 3500.00
postpaid, should give you even longer service than your old one did.
Please let us know whether you want us to repair or replace your opener.
Yours sincerely,
Question No: 33 ( M a r k s: 2 )
What is bibliography?
Lesson no 43
Bibliography
All
pieces of literature referred to should be listed at the end of the
proposal using the referencing style appropriate to the department.
Before you begin compiling this section, find out what style you are
expected to use. Carefully adhere to it or you will raise the ire of
your committee. It is important to ensure that all the key journals and
books in the field have been referred to in the proposal. This
demonstrates that the proposal has been developed from a thorough
understanding of the important theoretical perspectives and research
findings in the literature
Question No: 34 ( M a r k s: 3 )
What is the difference between CV and resume?
Question No: 35 ( M a r k s: 3 )
What is an adjustment letter?
Lesson no 23
An adjustment letter is the reply to a complaint (called a claim letter).
In general, the best attitude is to give the customer the benefit of
the doubt. Most persons are honest in their claims, and it is usually
better to make the desired adjustment than to risk losing a customer.
Even
though your firm’s adjustment policy may be generous, the ultimate
success of your good news adjustment letters depends not only on what you say but also on how you say it.
Three types of adjustment letters.
1. When the seller is at fault
2. When the buyer is at fault.
3. When the third party is at fault.
.
Question No: 36 ( M a r k s: 3 )
Write a note on skills in conflict resolution and negotiation.
Lesson no41
Problem solving by negotiating……………….
Problem
solving by negotiation is dealt with by a team or group of people who
already have a working relationship and want to solve a work-related
problem. The six-step approach to problem solving by negotiation will
succeed only if the relationship is important to both parties and if
they have a genuine desire to solve the problem rather than to win (see
This 8.4)
Negotiating methods………………….
In the
negotiating process, the parties involved may choose one of five
different negotiation methods. A skilful negotiator is able to identify
them and recognize which one is being used by the other person.
1. Compromise
2. collaboration
3. competition
4. accommodation
5. withdrawal or avoidance
Question No: 37 ( M a r k s: 5 )
Write a note on five types of work place powers.
Five types of workplace power .
• Legitimate power bases on a persons position or role in an organization. Their authority and
Control over resources gives them power hat is acknowledged
• Expertise power people with more skill and strength than others have to them; their colleagues defer to them
• Reward power is exerted by someone who has control over resource desire by others. Such as
Person can influence and manipulate behavior
• Coercive power is exerted by those who use their authority or any force, emotional or physical, against the interest of the other party
• Consultative power is exerted by someone who seeks information, considers other’s advice and makes plans with others
Question No: 38 ( M a r k s: 5 )
What are the causes of a claim letter?
Lesson no 23
The most common causes for claims are:
1. An incorrect bill, invoice, or statement
2. A bill for merchandise ordered but never received;
3. Delivery of unordered merchandise;
4. Delivery of incorrect merchandise;
5. Delivery of damaged or defective merchandise
Two other more specialized types of claims are:
1. a request for an adjustment under a guarantee or warranty;
2. a request for restitution under an insurance policy.
A claim is written to inform the company of the problem and suggest a fair compensation. No
matter
how annoying the nature of the problem, how great the inconvenience,
the purpose of a claim is NOT to express anger, but to get results.
Therefore, it is important to avoid a hostile or demanding tone. A claim must be calm and polite
though, of course, also firm.
A claim should begin with the facts, first explaining the problem such as the condition of the
merchandise
or the specific error made. Then all the necessary details should be
described in a logical order. These details may include the order and
delivery dates, the order or invoice number, the account number, the
method of shipment, etc. A copy of proof of purchase, such as a sales
slip or an invoice, should be included whenever possible. (Always, of
course, keep the original.)
In most cases, and especially in your first letter, assume that a fair adjustment will be made, and
follow
the plan for direct requests. Begin with a straightforward statement of
the problem, and give a complete, specific explanation of the details.
Politely request specific action in your closing, and suggest that the business relationship will
continue if the problem is solved satisfactorily.
Question No: 39 ( M a r k s: 10 )
Being
an employee of a firm, you have complained to your manager that
facilities for the staff refreshment and recreation are either
non-existent or inadequate. He asks you to put the situation in written
form. You are required to write a short memo-report with some
recommendations to present it to management meeting.
Question No: 40 ( M a r k s: 10 )
What guidelines should we follow to select a research thesis?
Lesson no 43 and 42
